by Pedro I Rengel » Wed Dec 02, 2020 8:36 pm
Turkey, Sultans and Nationalism
In somewhat recent times, a "Turk" was a reference to all Turkic (aside from Russian and Mongol ones), Arab, Persian, Kurdish, Armenian peoples. "He's a Turk," could have referred to an Osama as much as an Erdogan or a Tankian. This is because the Sultanic order considered itself the ruler of a geographical area, of a group of peoples. The idea was to conquer, retain, and rule over as much as possible. It was a global idea, an idea about imperial power. The idea was to own the world. In fact, the first initiatives towards a state of Israel were undertaken in full good faith and reasonable expectations as negotiations with the sultan. He was being asked to establish a state of Israel as a province of the empire. They are famed for being cruel and terrible, but it was ironically the revolutionary force of young, modernist progressives that ushered in the most terrifying era of Turkish extermination projects. Now a Turk is a person from Turkey, and even then only Turkic people from Turkey (not Kurds, for example). The young Turks, or the Pashas, in standing against the old order were importantly standing against a global mentality, a pluralistic will. The new ideas, largely from Europe, included the sovereignty of a people, Turkey for the Turks. Overthrowing the cruel tyrnats in fact meant disowning the other subjects of the old sultanate. Modernism meant Nationalism. But, since nationalism included seeking all benefits for the nation, the Pashas had no idea of leaving any of their earstwhile brothers to their homes and ruling their own selves. It meant exterminating all who inhabited what were now Turkish national lands. If not extermination, as in the case of the Arabs who held for the Turks a religious significance, then certainly a second rate of citizenry, a lower status within the new nation. But in the case of Kurds and specially Armenians, also Israelis, the dogma became absolute extermination. But another consequence was that all the other ancient subjects got infected with the same ideas, about modernity and nationalistic self-determination. So the aggressive states of Iran, Iraq, Egypt, etc. where born. Nations of people that no longer saw themselves as inhabitants of a planet with a distinct heritage and treasures to contribute, and admittedly a religion to impose, but as island universes that were tasked with dealing with all lesser beings (all non-nationals) with extreme prejudice. Racism was born under the progressives. England tried for a little while to replace the sultanate, but the hounds of hell had been released. Suddenly the leaders were tasked with creating an identity, delineating a supreme "us." The modernists, far from seeking to incorporate into the world, sought to isolate from it.