waechter418 wrote:In the conventional Western paradigm, consciousness is an epiphenomenon of matter in the form of a human/animal brain. In the Eastern metaphysical schools based upon the Upanishads (most saliently within the Hinduism school of Advaita Vedānta and within schools of Mahayana Buddhism (such as Zen and Yogacara), Consciousness (“Brahman” in Hindu terminology) is the fundamental ground of existence which cannot be further sublated. All is a manifestation of Consciousness just as dream characters and ambience are manifestations of brains as mental processes. Thus, matter is an epiphenomenon of consciousness as opposed to the visa versa view of Western materialism.
By Don Schneider
In my view, consciousness, unless we are talking about awareness, is one of those meaningless terms thrown around because most people are easily seduced by it. An easy way to test whether any given term is a meaningful one or a meaningless one is to point with your finger at something, some particular, and say "this is an example of my concept!" and then point with your finger at something else, some other particular, and say "this is NOT an example of my concept!" If you can do this then it proves that the concept you are using is not too specific (i.e. all-exclusive) and not too generic (i.e. all-inclusive.) In other words, it proves it is a proper concept. As it is, the concept of consciousness is all-inclusive which means it is not a proper concept. You see something? That's consciousness! You hear something? That's consciousness! You feel something? That's consciousness? You are thinking about something? That's consciousness! If I ask "what is NOT consciousness?" the answer that I can expect is "that which is NOT within consciousness!" But what the hell is NOT within consciousness? External reality? And what the hell is "external reality"? And now I can expect someone telling me "you see, everything is conscious!" I agree that the concept of consciousness is all-inclusive. But I find it difficult to nod to the claim that everything is conscious. You see, I think that questions such as "do other people have consciousness?" are meaningless. By saying something like "everything is conscious" you are saying that "other people have consciousness" which means you are answering a meaningless question. What does it mean for people to have consciousness? There is a difference between modes or states of consciousness. These are meaningful concepts. There is a difference between the state of being drunk, the state of being under the influence of psychedelic drugs, the state of being awake and sober, the state of being in a dream and so on. But what the hell does it mean that people or things or whatever have consciousness? I understand that such skepticism towards the generally accepted concept of consciousness is difficult to digest for people who are very easily seduced by it. But that's how it is. The concept is meaningless. Note that I understand that the manner in which we experience ourselves and the manner in which we experience others are different in many respects. The view I have of other people is different from the view I have of myself. The former can be called third-person view and the latter first-person view. When I experience other people I do not feel what they feel, I do not sense what they sense, I do not think what they think, etc. Similarly, when I experience myself, I rarely have the kind of view I have when experiencing other people. For example, I do not see myself as a human body into the distance engaging in some sort of activity. Unless, of course, someone takes a video of me that I can later watch. I also understand the interest people have in experiencing others from the first-person point of view. But this is not a matter of whether there is consciousness in other people or not. It is a matter of how to construct first-person experience using whatever information we have about others. And these others need not be humans . . . they can also be rocks. Not because rocks have consciousness or whatever but quite simply because it is US who choose what information we are going to turn into a first-person experience.
"Let's keep the debate about poor people in the US specifically. It's the land of opportunity. So everyone has an opportunity. That means everyone can get money. So some people who don't have it just aren't using thier opportunities, and then out of those who are using them, then most squander what they gain through poor choices, which keeps them poor. It's no one else's fault. The end."
Mr. Reasonable