We could have had a conversation about it, but that would require me going over your head and utilizing materials in, to name a few papers I have in mind to defend myself:
At Home in the Universe - The Search for the Laws of Self-Organization and Complexity
Kauffman, Stuart
Genetic drift at expanding frontiers promotes gene segregation
Hallatschek, Oskar
Fractal structures in nonlinear dynamics
Aguirre, Jacobo
Synthetic Genetic Polymers Capable of Heredity and Evolution
Darwinian Evolution and Fractals
Carr, Paul H.
Abstract
The scientific evidence is that nature’s creativity arises from the interplay between chance AND design (laws). Darwin’s ``Origin of the Species,‘’ published 150 years ago in 1859, characterized evolution as the interplay between variations (symbolized by dice) and the natural selection law (design). This is evident in recent discoveries in DNA, Madelbrot’s Fractal Geometry of Nature, and the success of the genetic design algorithm. Algorithms for generating fractals have the same interplay between randomness and law as evolution. Fractal statistics, which are not completely random, characterize such phenomena such as fluctuations in the stock market, the Nile River, rainfall, and tree rings. As chaos theorist Joseph Ford put it: God plays dice, but the dice are loaded. Thus Darwin, in discovering the evolutionary interplay between variations and natural selection, was throwing God’s dice!
A haplotype map of the human genome
The International Hapmap Consortium:
Abstract
Inherited genetic variation has a critical but as yet largely uncharacterized role in human disease. Here we report a public database of common variation in the human genome: more than one million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for which accurate and complete genotypes have been obtained in 269 DNA samples from four populations, including ten 500-kilobase regions in which essentially all information about common DNA variation has been extracted. These data document the generality of recombination hotspots, a block-like structure of linkage disequilibrium and low haplotype diversity, leading to substantial correlations of SNPs with many of their neighbours. We show how the HapMap resource can guide the design and analysis of genetic association studies, shed light on structural variation and recombination, and identify loci that may have been subject to natural selection during human evolution.
Y chromosome diversity, human expansion, drift, and cultural evolution
Chiaroni, Jacques